Photorealism

Definition

Photorealism is an art movement that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s, characterized by the creation of paintings that resemble high-resolution photographs. Artists in this movement focused on capturing minute details and realistic representations of their subjects, often using photographs as references to achieve a level of precision that challenges the distinction between painting and photography. This movement reflects a broader exploration of realism in art, emphasizing technical skill and visual accuracy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Photorealism developed as a response to abstract expressionism, with artists seeking to reconnect with representational art through detailed and lifelike depictions.
2. The movement gained prominence through the work of artists like Chuck Close, Richard Estes, and Robert Bechtle, who utilized techniques such as grid systems to enhance accuracy.
3. Photorealism often involves meticulous layering of paint to achieve the depth and texture found in photographs, showcasing artists' technical abilities.
4. The use of photography as a primary reference in photorealistic works has led to discussions about the nature of originality and authorship in art.
5. Despite its focus on realism, photorealism can also carry deeper meanings or social commentary, challenging viewers to question their perceptions of reality.

Review Questions

• How did photorealism differentiate itself from previous artistic movements in terms of technique and subject matter?
  • Photorealism set itself apart from previous movements like abstract expressionism by prioritizing lifelike representations over emotional expression. Artists employed techniques such as using photographs as direct references and grid systems to ensure accuracy in detail. This focus on meticulous craftsmanship and realism marked a return to representational art, establishing a clear distinction from more subjective styles that dominated before.
• Discuss the significance of artists like Chuck Close within the photorealism movement and their impact on contemporary art.
  • Chuck Close is a pivotal figure in the photorealism movement, known for his large-scale portraits that blur the line between painting and photography. His innovative approach included using a grid system to translate photographs into paintings while maintaining incredible detail. Close's work not only popularized photorealism but also influenced contemporary art by challenging traditional notions of representation and encouraging new ways of seeing and interpreting reality.
• Evaluate the role of photography in shaping the concepts of originality and authorship within photorealism and its implications for modern art practices.
  • Photography plays a crucial role in photorealism as it serves as both inspiration and reference for artists. This reliance raises questions about originality since artists are often replicating existing images rather than creating from direct observation. The implications for modern art practices include debates around authenticity, creative ownership, and how technology influences artistic production. This discussion continues to evolve as digital tools become more integrated into artistic processes.

Related terms

hyperrealism: A genre of painting and sculpture that resembles a high-resolution photograph, often taking photorealism further by creating more dramatic and surreal images.

realism: An artistic movement that originated in the mid-19th century, focusing on depicting everyday life and ordinary people with a commitment to truth and accuracy.

illusionism: A technique in visual arts that creates an illusion of reality, where the artwork tricks the viewer into perceiving depth or realism that isn't there.