Operant Conditioning:A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened or weakened by consequences (rewards or punishments) that follow it. Unlike classical conditioning that focuses on automatic responses, operant conditioning explores voluntary behaviors.
Cognitive Processes:Mental activities such as perception, attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and decision-making that play a crucial role in complex human behaviors.
Motivation:The internal and external factors that drive individuals to behave in certain ways. Motivation influences the direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior.