Properties are characteristics or attributes of an object that define its state. They store data and can be accessed and modified by the object's methods.
Think of properties as the different features of a smartphone. Just like a smartphone has a screen size, camera quality, and storage capacity, an object in programming can have properties that describe its specific attributes.
Encapsulation: Encapsulation is the concept of bundling data (properties) and methods together within an object to hide implementation details.
Getters and Setters: Getters are methods used to retrieve the value of a property, while setters are methods used to modify or update the value of a property.
Inheritance: Inheritance allows objects to inherit properties from other objects, creating a hierarchy where child objects inherit properties from parent objects.
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