Receptor Protein
Definition
A receptor protein is a molecule found on the surface of cells that binds to specific substances, triggering a specific response in the cell.
Analogy
Think of receptor proteins like bouncers at a club. They stand at the entrance (cell membrane) and only let certain guests (molecules) in based on their ID (specific shape or chemical structure).
Related terms
G Protein-Coupled Receptors: These are a type of receptor protein that activate G proteins when they bind to a substance, initiating an intracellular signaling cascade.
Ligand: This is any molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule. In our analogy, this would be the guest with the right ID.
Transmembrane Protein: This is any protein that spans the entire biological membrane. Receptor proteins are often transmembrane proteins as they need to interact with both inside and outside environments.
"Receptor Protein" appears in:
Study guides (2)
Practice Questions (3)
- When the ligand or signaling molecule binds to a receptor protein and changes its shape, it is called __.
- A mutation in the receptor protein that regulates blood glucose levels in the bloodstream with insulin can do what?
- How would a mutation that alters the shape of a receptor protein alter the cell signaling pathway?
Resources
© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.