Retrograde

Inversion: Inversion is another technique where all intervals within a melody are flipped upside down. For example, if an ascending interval goes up by three steps, its inversion would go down by three steps.

Transposition: Transposition involves moving an entire piece of music up or down in pitch while maintaining its original structure and intervals.

Sequence: Sequence refers to repeating a melodic pattern at different pitch levels within a composition.