The Picture of Dorian Gray

Definition

The Picture of Dorian Gray is a novel by Oscar Wilde that tells the story of a young man, Dorian Gray, who becomes obsessed with maintaining his youthful appearance and indulging in a life of hedonism, leading to moral decay. This tale serves as a prime example of the decadent novel genre, reflecting themes of aestheticism and the consequences of vanity, while also illustrating the tensions between art and morality inherent in Wilde's works.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dorian Gray's portrait ages and shows the effects of his moral corruption while he remains outwardly youthful, symbolizing the conflict between appearance and reality.
2. The novel critiques Victorian society's obsession with beauty and superficiality, showcasing how this obsession can lead to one's downfall.
3. Wilde's work is often considered a manifesto for the Aesthetic Movement, advocating for the importance of art and beauty over traditional moral values.
4. The character of Lord Henry Wotton serves as a mentor to Dorian, influencing him towards a life of hedonism and self-indulgence.
5. The Picture of Dorian Gray was initially published in 1890 and faced significant criticism for its themes, leading to censorship in some editions.

Review Questions

• How does The Picture of Dorian Gray exemplify characteristics of decadent literature?
  • The Picture of Dorian Gray showcases decadent literature through its focus on excess, moral ambiguity, and the exploration of beauty at the expense of ethics. Dorian's transformation under Lord Henry's influence reflects a deep engagement with hedonism, emphasizing the pursuit of pleasure as central to human experience. The novel's dark undertones and portrayal of the consequences of a life devoted to indulgence align it closely with key themes found in decadent literature.
• Discuss how The Picture of Dorian Gray reflects the principles of Aestheticism and its impact on Victorian society.
  • The Picture of Dorian Gray embodies Aestheticism by promoting 'art for art's sake' and emphasizing beauty over moral considerations. Wilde critiques Victorian society's rigid moral standards by illustrating how an obsession with beauty can lead to self-destruction. This conflict challenges societal norms, pushing readers to question their values regarding morality and aesthetics, highlighting the tension between personal desire and societal expectations.
• Evaluate the significance of Dorian Gray's character arc in relation to broader themes in Wilde's critique of society.
  • Dorian Gray's character arc is significant as it encapsulates Wilde's critique of superficiality and the dangers of unchecked hedonism. As Dorian descends into moral corruption while remaining outwardly perfect, Wilde illustrates the destructive nature of vanity and societal obsession with appearances. This transformation raises questions about authenticity, identity, and the ethical responsibilities tied to one's actions. Ultimately, Dorian becomes a cautionary figure representing the perilous path taken when one prioritizes aesthetic pleasure over moral integrity.

Related terms

Aestheticism: A cultural movement that emphasizes aesthetic values over moral or social themes, promoting 'art for art's sake.'

Decadence: A literary movement characterized by an emphasis on artificiality, excess, and moral decline, often exploring the darker aspects of human experience.

Hedonism: A philosophical doctrine that advocates the pursuit of pleasure as the highest good and the main goal of life.