Motivation Theory

Definition

Motivation theory refers to the framework that explains what drives individuals to take action or behave in certain ways. It encompasses various principles and concepts that help understand the underlying reasons for people's choices and behaviors, especially in challenging situations. This theory is crucial in understanding how to effectively engage and communicate with sources who may be reluctant or hostile, as it helps identify their needs and concerns.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Understanding motivation theory can help reporters build trust and rapport with reluctant sources by addressing their specific concerns and fears.
2. Sources may be motivated by various factors, such as the need for safety, respect, or validation, which can impact their willingness to share information.
3. Techniques based on motivation theory can involve active listening and empathy to encourage reluctant sources to open up during interviews.
4. Recognizing the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can guide journalists in framing their questions to resonate better with sources' motivations.
5. Motivation theory suggests that acknowledging a source's emotions and experiences can lead to more productive conversations and better information gathering.

Review Questions

• How does understanding motivation theory enhance the ability to interview reluctant or hostile sources?
  • Understanding motivation theory enhances interviewing skills by allowing reporters to identify what drives reluctant or hostile sources. By recognizing the underlying motivations—such as fear of repercussions or a desire for respect—reporters can tailor their approach to address these concerns. This understanding fosters a more empathetic environment where sources feel valued, ultimately increasing the chances of obtaining valuable information.
• Discuss the role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in shaping the responses of reluctant sources during interviews.
  • Intrinsic motivation often leads sources to share information when they feel a personal connection or believe in the importance of their story. In contrast, extrinsic motivation may push them to speak out due to external pressures or incentives, like media attention or potential legal consequences. Understanding these motivators allows journalists to frame their questions and approach in ways that align with what each source values most, leading to more effective interviews.
• Evaluate how Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs can inform strategies for engaging hostile sources in interviews.
  • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs provides a useful lens for evaluating the motivations of hostile sources. By recognizing where a source falls within this hierarchy—whether they are focused on basic safety needs or higher-level self-esteem needs—journalists can craft strategies that address those specific needs. For example, ensuring a source feels safe and respected may lower their defensiveness and make them more willing to cooperate. This approach not only helps build rapport but also creates an environment conducive to more open dialogue.

Related terms

Intrinsic Motivation: A type of motivation driven by internal rewards, where individuals engage in activities because they find them personally rewarding or fulfilling.

Extrinsic Motivation: Motivation that comes from external factors, such as rewards, recognition, or pressure from others, influencing individuals to act.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: A motivational theory proposing that humans have a hierarchy of needs, ranging from basic physiological needs to self-actualization, which influence their behavior.