A Gaussian function is a specific type of mathematical function that represents the normal distribution, characterized by its bell-shaped curve. This function is defined by the formula $$f(x) = a e^{-\frac{(x-b)^2}{2c^2}}$$, where 'a' is the height of the curve's peak, 'b' is the position of the center of the peak, and 'c' controls the width of the bell. The Gaussian function is crucial because it describes how values are distributed around a mean in many real-world scenarios, making it foundational in understanding probability and statistics.
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