An explanatory variable, often referred to as an independent variable, is a factor in a study that is manipulated or controlled to observe its effect on a response variable. This term is crucial in understanding the relationships within a simple linear regression model, where the explanatory variable is used to predict or explain changes in the dependent variable. By analyzing how changes in the explanatory variable relate to changes in the response variable, one can uncover patterns and associations that inform decision-making and further research.
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