Plant Physiology

study guides for every class

that actually explain what's on your next test

Fadh2

from class:

Plant Physiology

Definition

FADH2 is a redox cofactor involved in metabolic reactions, primarily functioning as an electron carrier in cellular respiration. It is produced during the Krebs cycle, where it plays a crucial role in transporting electrons to the electron transport chain, contributing to ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. FADH2 is essential for efficient energy extraction from nutrients.

congrats on reading the definition of fadh2. now let's actually learn it.

ok, let's learn stuff

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. FADH2 is produced in two steps of the Citric Acid Cycle: during the conversion of succinate to fumarate and during the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate.
  2. Each molecule of FADH2 can generate approximately 1.5 ATP molecules when its electrons are fed into the electron transport chain.
  3. FADH2 donates its electrons to Complex II of the electron transport chain, which is different from NADH that donates electrons to Complex I.
  4. The reduced form of FAD, FADH2, is formed by the addition of two hydrogen atoms and plays a significant role in redox reactions within metabolism.
  5. FADH2 levels can influence the overall efficiency of ATP production; fluctuations in its concentration may reflect metabolic state and energy demands.

Review Questions

  • How does FADH2 contribute to the production of ATP during cellular respiration?
    • FADH2 contributes to ATP production by serving as an electron carrier that delivers electrons to Complex II of the electron transport chain. As these electrons move through the chain, they create a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. This gradient drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase, ultimately allowing for efficient conversion of energy stored in nutrients into usable ATP.
  • Compare and contrast the roles of FADH2 and NADH in cellular respiration.
    • FADH2 and NADH are both crucial electron carriers in cellular respiration but differ in their points of entry into the electron transport chain. NADH donates electrons to Complex I and produces about 2.5 ATP per molecule, while FADH2 donates electrons to Complex II, resulting in about 1.5 ATP per molecule. This difference in ATP yield reflects their distinct roles and efficiencies in energy production during metabolic processes.
  • Evaluate the impact of altered FADH2 levels on cellular metabolism and energy production.
    • Altered levels of FADH2 can significantly affect cellular metabolism and overall energy production. For example, an increase in FADH2 may indicate enhanced fatty acid oxidation or other metabolic pathways, leading to increased ATP generation. Conversely, low levels could suggest impaired energy metabolism or inefficient nutrient utilization, potentially disrupting cellular functions and signaling pathways essential for maintaining homeostasis.
© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.
Glossary
Guides