Parallel circuit

Definition

A parallel circuit is an electrical circuit where components are connected across common points, forming multiple paths for current to flow. Voltage remains the same across each component, while the total current is the sum of currents through individual components.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each resistor is the same as the source voltage.
2. The total resistance \(R_{total}\) in a parallel circuit is given by \(\frac{1}{R_{total}} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + ... + \frac{1}{R_n}\).
3. If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the other components can still operate.
4. The total current in a parallel circuit is the sum of the currents through each path: \(I_{total} = I_1 + I_2 + ... + I_n\).
5. Parallel circuits are commonly used in household wiring because they allow independent operation of devices.

Review Questions

• What happens to the total resistance when more resistors are added in parallel?
• How does voltage behave across each branch in a parallel circuit?
• Why might parallel circuits be preferred over series circuits for home electrical systems?

Related terms

Series Circuit: An electrical circuit where components are connected end-to-end, providing only one path for current to flow.

Ohm's Law: A fundamental principle stating that \(V = IR\), where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

$Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)$: $KCL$ states that the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving it.