Leyden jar

Definition

A Leyden jar is a simple electrical component that stores static electric charge between two conductive layers separated by an insulating layer. It is one of the earliest forms of capacitors.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Leyden jar was invented in the 18th century by Pieter van Musschenbroek and Ewald Georg von Kleist.
2. It consists of a glass container coated inside and outside with metal foil, typically made of tin or lead.
3. The inner metal foil is connected to a conducting rod that extends through an insulating stopper at the top.
4. When charged, the Leyden jar can retain its electric charge for an extended period until it is discharged.
5. It demonstrates the principle of electrostatic induction and is used to study electric fields and potentials.

Review Questions

• What are the key components of a Leyden jar?
• How does a Leyden jar store electrical energy?
• What scientific principles can be demonstrated using a Leyden jar?

Related terms

Capacitor: An electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field, consisting of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material.

Electrostatic Induction: A process where a charged object induces a charge distribution on another object without direct contact.

Electric Field: $$\text{A vector field surrounding electric charges that exerts force on other charges within the field. The strength and direction are represented by field lines.}$$