Third-generation antihistamines are advanced medications derived from second-generation antihistamines, designed to treat allergic reactions with minimal sedation and fewer side effects. They provide long-lasting relief by selectively inhibiting histamine H1 receptors.
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Third-generation antihistamines have a lower risk of causing drowsiness compared to first- and second-generation antihistamines.
They are preferred for patients who need to maintain alertness and avoid sedation, such as those operating machinery or driving.
Common third-generation antihistamines include fexofenadine, levocetirizine, and desloratadine.
These medications often have better safety profiles in terms of cardiac effects than their predecessors.
They are effective in treating symptoms of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria (hives), and other allergic conditions.
Review Questions
What is the main advantage of third-generation antihistamines over first- and second-generation antihistamines?
Name two common third-generation antihistamines used in clinical practice.
Why might third-generation antihistamines be preferred for patients who need to avoid sedation?
Related terms
firstGenerationAntihistamines: Older class of antihistamines that often cause drowsiness due to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.
secondGenerationAntihistamines: Newer class of antihistamines developed to reduce sedation but still may cause some drowsiness in sensitive individuals.
histamineH1Receptor: A receptor involved in producing allergic symptoms that is targeted by antihistamine medications.