PCSK9 inhibitors

Definition

PCSK9 inhibitors are a class of drugs that lower LDL cholesterol levels by inhibiting the protein PCSK9, which increases the liver's ability to remove LDL from the blood. They are often used for patients who do not respond adequately to statins or have familial hypercholesterolemia.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PCSK9 inhibitors work by preventing the degradation of LDL receptors on liver cells, leading to increased clearance of LDL cholesterol.
2. Common PCSK9 inhibitors include alirocumab and evolocumab.
3. These drugs are administered via subcutaneous injection, typically every two to four weeks.
4. PCSK9 inhibitors can reduce LDL cholesterol levels by up to 60%, making them effective for high-risk patients.
5. Potential side effects include injection site reactions, flu-like symptoms, and upper respiratory infections.

Review Questions

• How do PCSK9 inhibitors lower LDL cholesterol?
• Name two common PCSK9 inhibitors used in clinical practice.
• What are some potential side effects associated with PCSK9 inhibitors?

Related terms

Lipoprotein:

A molecule that consists of fat and protein and transports lipids through the bloodstream.

Statins:

Drugs that inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis, primarily used to lower LDL cholesterol.

Familial Hypercholesterolemia:

A genetic disorder characterized by high cholesterol levels, specifically very high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), due to a mutation affecting LDL receptor function.