Parkinson’s disease (PD)

Definition

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. This leads to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Parkinson's disease primarily affects the substantia nigra part of the brain.
2. Levodopa is a common pharmacological treatment used to manage symptoms of PD.
3. Non-motor symptoms like sleep disturbances and depression are also prevalent in PD patients.
4. Dopamine agonists can be used as an alternative or adjunct therapy to Levodopa.
5. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a surgical treatment option for advanced Parkinson’s disease.

Review Questions

• What neurotransmitter is primarily deficient in Parkinson’s disease?
• Name two motor symptoms and two non-motor symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease.
• What is the primary medication used to treat Parkinson's disease and how does it work?

Related terms

Levodopa: A medication that converts to dopamine in the brain, commonly used to treat PD.

Dopamine Agonists: Drugs that mimic dopamine effects by stimulating dopamine receptors.

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS): A surgical procedure that implants electrodes in the brain to reduce PD symptoms.