Cowper's Glands

Definition

Cowper's glands, also known as the bulbourethral glands, are a pair of small exocrine glands located below the prostate gland in the male reproductive system. They secrete a clear, viscous fluid that lubricates and cleanses the urethra prior to and during ejaculation, helping to neutralize any acidity and facilitate the passage of sperm.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cowper's glands secrete a clear, lubricating fluid that helps neutralize any acidity in the urethra and facilitate the passage of sperm during ejaculation.
2. The fluid produced by Cowper's glands also helps cleanse the urethra prior to ejaculation, removing any residual urine or other substances.
3. Cowper's glands are located just below the prostate gland and their ducts open into the penile urethra.
4. The secretions from Cowper's glands are the first fluid released during sexual arousal, before the main ejaculation of seminal fluid.
5. Dysfunction or blockage of Cowper's glands can lead to issues with fertility and sexual function.

Review Questions

• Describe the primary functions of Cowper's glands in the male reproductive system.
  • Cowper's glands, also known as the bulbourethral glands, serve two main functions in the male reproductive system. First, they secrete a clear, lubricating fluid that helps neutralize any acidity in the urethra and facilitates the passage of sperm during ejaculation. Second, the fluid produced by Cowper's glands helps cleanse the urethra prior to ejaculation, removing any residual urine or other substances that could impede the smooth flow of seminal fluid.
• Explain the anatomical location and relationship of Cowper's glands to other key structures in the male reproductive system.
  • Cowper's glands are located just below the prostate gland in the male reproductive system. Their ducts open into the penile urethra, allowing the secreted fluid to be released prior to and during ejaculation. The proximity of Cowper's glands to the prostate gland and their connection to the urethra highlights their important role in preparing the reproductive tract for the passage of seminal fluid and sperm.
• Discuss the potential consequences of Cowper's gland dysfunction or blockage on male sexual and reproductive health.
  • Dysfunction or blockage of Cowper's glands can lead to several issues related to male sexual and reproductive health. Without the lubricating and cleansing fluid produced by Cowper's glands, the passage of seminal fluid and sperm through the urethra may be impeded, potentially causing fertility problems. Additionally, the absence of Cowper's gland secretions could result in discomfort or pain during sexual activity, as well as an increased risk of urinary tract infections or other urological complications.

Related terms

Prostate Gland: The prostate gland is a walnut-sized exocrine gland located below the bladder in the male reproductive system. It produces a milky fluid that is part of the seminal fluid, which nourishes and protects sperm.

Urethra: The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. In males, it also serves as the passage for semen during ejaculation.

Seminal Fluid: Seminal fluid, or semen, is the fluid produced by the male reproductive organs, including the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and Cowper's glands. It provides a medium for the transport and nourishment of sperm.