B3 (Niacin)
from class: Pharmacology for Nurses Definition Niacin, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for metabolic processes and the health of the nervous system. It is involved in the conversion of nutrients into energy.
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Predict what's on your test 5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test Niacin plays a crucial role in converting carbohydrates into glucose, which the body uses for energy. Deficiency in niacin can lead to pellagra, characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Niacin can be obtained from dietary sources like meat, fish, poultry, and enriched grains. Pharmacologically, niacin is used to treat hyperlipidemia by lowering LDL cholesterol and triglycerides while raising HDL cholesterol. Excessive intake of niacin supplements can cause side effects such as flushing, itching, and gastrointestinal upset. Review Questions What are the primary functions of niacin (Vitamin B3) in the body? What condition results from a deficiency in niacin? How does pharmacological niacin help manage cholesterol levels?
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