Angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) are a class of medication used to treat heart failure by blocking the effects of angiotensin II and inhibiting neprilysin, an enzyme that breaks down natriuretic peptides. This dual action helps reduce blood pressure, decrease fluid overload, and improve heart function.
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ARNIs combine the actions of an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and a neprilysin inhibitor in one medication.
The most commonly prescribed ARNI is sacubitril/valsartan.
ARNIs have been shown to significantly reduce hospitalization rates and mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
Common side effects of ARNIs include hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.
Patients should not use ARNIs if they have a history of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy.
Review Questions
What are the two main components of ARNIs?
How do ARNIs benefit patients with heart failure?
What are some common side effects associated with ARNI therapy?
Related terms
ACE Inhibitors: A class of drugs that inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme, reducing blood pressure and workload on the heart.
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs): Medications that block the action of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and lowered blood pressure.
Neprilysin Inhibitors: Drugs that prevent the breakdown of beneficial natriuretic peptides, promoting vasodilation and sodium excretion.
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