Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Definition

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are medications that relax blood vessels by preventing the formation of angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels. They are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
2. Common side effects include cough, elevated potassium levels, and low blood pressure.
3. They are contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential harm to the developing fetus.
4. Examples of ACE inhibitors include lisinopril, enalapril, and ramipril.
5. ACE inhibitors can improve survival rates in patients with heart failure and post-myocardial infarction.

Review Questions

• How do ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure?
• What are common side effects associated with ACE inhibitors?
• Why are ACE inhibitors contraindicated during pregnancy?

Related terms

Angiotensin II: A hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict, increasing blood pressure.

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs): Medications that block the effects of angiotensin II by preventing it from binding to its receptors on blood vessels.