Urease

Definition

Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. It is produced by certain bacteria and plays a crucial role in their survival and pathogenicity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Urease activity increases the pH of the environment, which can help bacteria survive in acidic conditions.
2. Helicobacter pylori produces urease, allowing it to colonize the acidic environment of the stomach, leading to ulcers.
3. Urease-positive bacteria like Proteus mirabilis are commonly associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs).
4. The production of ammonia by urease can lead to the formation of kidney stones due to increased alkalinity.
5. Urease inhibitors are being researched as potential treatments for infections caused by urease-producing bacteria.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of urease in bacterial infections?
• How does urease contribute to the pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori?
• Which bacterial infection is commonly associated with urease production and urinary tract infections?

Related terms

Helicobacter pylori:

A type of bacteria that causes stomach ulcers and is known for its urease production.

Proteus mirabilis:

A bacterium that produces urease and is frequently implicated in urinary tract infections.

Ammonia: A product of urea hydrolysis by urease, contributing to increased environmental pH.