Serotypes

Definition

Serotypes are distinct variations within a species of bacteria or viruses, classified based on their surface antigens. Different serotypes can elicit unique immune responses and may vary in virulence and resistance to treatments.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Serotyping is crucial for identifying pathogenic strains of bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli.
2. Different serotypes can coexist within the same species but exhibit different pathogenic properties.
3. Proteobacteria, including many medically relevant genera, often have multiple serotypes.
4. Identifying the correct serotype is essential for developing effective vaccines and treatments.
5. Serotyping methods include agglutination tests, enzyme immunoassays, and molecular techniques like PCR.

Review Questions

Related terms

Antigen:

A molecule capable of inducing an immune response.

Agglutination Test: A laboratory method used to detect the presence of specific antigens by mixing with antibodies.

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction):

A molecular technique used to amplify DNA sequences.