Salmonella enterica subspecies typhi

Definition

Salmonella enterica subspecies typhi is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for typhoid fever in humans. It is known for its role in systemic infections and its ability to evade the host immune response.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Salmonella enterica subspecies typhi is detected using agglutination assays which identify specific antibodies.
2. It possesses a virulence factor known as Vi antigen, which helps it evade phagocytosis by the immune system.
3. Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies typhi can be diagnosed through the Widal test, an agglutination assay.
4. This bacterium is typically transmitted via contaminated food or water and infects the intestinal tract before spreading systemically.
5. Effective vaccines are available to prevent infections caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies typhi.

Review Questions

Related terms

Agglutination Assay: A laboratory technique used to detect antigens or antibodies through their visible clumping.

Widal Test:

An agglutination test specifically used for diagnosing typhoid fever by detecting antibodies against Salmonella antigens.

Vi Antigen: A polysaccharide capsule that enhances virulence by inhibiting phagocytosis in certain bacteria like Salmonella enterica subspecies typhi.