Pleurisy

Definition

Pleurisy is the inflammation of the pleura, the membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity, often caused by bacterial infections. It results in sharp chest pain that worsens during breathing.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pleurisy is commonly associated with bacterial respiratory infections such as pneumonia.
2. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are frequent bacterial causes of pleurisy.
3. Symptoms include sharp chest pain that increases with inhalation, and may be accompanied by a pleural friction rub heard on auscultation.
4. Diagnosis typically involves chest X-rays, ultrasound, or a CT scan to detect pleural effusion or other abnormalities.
5. Treatment often includes antibiotics to combat the underlying bacterial infection and analgesics for pain relief.

Review Questions

• What are common bacterial pathogens that can cause pleurisy?
• Which diagnostic tools are used to confirm a case of pleurisy?
• What are the primary symptoms of pleurisy?

Related terms

Pneumonia: An infection that inflames air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid.

Pleural Effusion: The accumulation of excess fluid between the layers of the pleura outside the lungs.

Empyema: A collection of pus within a naturally existing anatomical cavity, particularly in the pleural space.