Nosocomial disease

Definition

A nosocomial disease is an infection acquired in a hospital or healthcare facility that was not present at the time of admission. These infections are typically caused by pathogens that thrive in medical settings.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Nosocomial diseases are often resistant to antibiotics due to the high use of these medications in hospitals.
2. Common nosocomial infections include urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections.
3. Patients with weakened immune systems or those undergoing invasive procedures are at higher risk for nosocomial infections.
4. Hand hygiene is one of the most effective measures to prevent the spread of nosocomial diseases.
5. Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), is a common pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections.

Review Questions

• What factors contribute to the development of nosocomial diseases?
• Name three common types of nosocomial infections.
• Why is hand hygiene critical in preventing nosocomial diseases?

Related terms

Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI): An infection that patients acquire during the course of receiving treatment for other conditions within a healthcare setting.

Antibiotic Resistance: The ability of bacteria and other microorganisms to resist the effects of an antibiotic to which they were once sensitive.

Staphylococcus aureus: A type of bacteria commonly found on the skin and in the noses of people; can cause serious infections if it enters the body.