Neglected tropical disease

Definition

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections that primarily affect impoverished populations in tropical and subtropical regions. These diseases often lead to long-term disability and social stigma.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. NTDs such as Chagas disease, lymphatic filariasis, and schistosomiasis can significantly impact the circulatory and lymphatic systems.
2. These diseases are called 'neglected' because they receive less attention and funding compared to other infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS or malaria.
3. Vector-borne transmission is common in NTDs; for example, Chagas disease is transmitted by triatomine bugs, while lymphatic filariasis is spread by mosquitoes.
4. Schistosomiasis involves a complex life cycle with snails as intermediate hosts; humans become infected through contact with contaminated water sources.
5. Effective control measures include vector control, mass drug administration (MDA), improved sanitation, and public health education.

Review Questions

• What are neglected tropical diseases and why are they termed 'neglected'?
• How does vector-borne transmission contribute to the spread of NTDs?
• What are some effective control measures for neglected tropical diseases?

Related terms

Chagas Disease: A parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, often affecting the heart and digestive system.

Lymphatic Filariasis: A parasitic disease caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, or Brugia timori that leads to severe swelling of body parts.

Schistosomiasis: An infection caused by Schistosoma parasites that affects the urinary tract or intestines.