Monozygotic

Definition

Monozygotic refers to twins that originate from a single fertilized egg which splits into two embryos. These twins are genetically identical and share the same DNA.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Monozygotic twins have nearly identical immune systems due to their genetic similarity.
2. In organ transplantation, monozygotic twins are ideal donors for each other because of minimal risk of rejection.
3. Despite their genetic identity, monozygotic twins can develop different immune responses due to environmental factors.
4. Monozygotic twins have a lower incidence of graft-versus-host disease compared to non-related individuals.
5. The study of monozygotic twins provides valuable insights into the role of genetics versus environment in disease development.

Review Questions

• Why are monozygotic twins preferred donors for organ transplantation?
• How can environmental factors influence the immune responses of monozygotic twins?
• What is the significance of studying monozygotic twins in understanding diseases of the immune system?

Related terms

Dizygotic: Twins originating from two separate eggs fertilized by two different sperm, also known as fraternal twins.

Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD): A condition where transplanted donor cells attack the recipient's tissues.

Immunogenetics: The study of the genetic basis of the immune response and its implications on diseases and transplantation.