Immunoglobulin α protease

Definition

Immunoglobulin α protease is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria that specifically cleaves immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies. This enzymatic action helps bacteria evade the host's immune response in mucosal areas, including the urinary system.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Immunoglobulin α protease targets and cleaves IgA antibodies, which are crucial for mucosal immunity.
2. It is produced by several pathogenic bacteria, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Haemophilus influenzae.
3. The enzyme allows these bacteria to colonize and infect mucosal surfaces more effectively.
4. By degrading IgA, the protease helps bacteria avoid immune detection and sustain infections in the urogenital tract.
5. Understanding the role of immunoglobulin α protease can aid in developing treatments targeting bacterial infections of mucosal tissues.

Review Questions

Related terms

IgA Antibodies: Antibodies that play a critical role in mucosal immunity.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

A bacterium that causes gonorrhea and produces IgA protease.

Haemophilus influenzae:

A bacterium associated with respiratory infections that also produces IgA protease.