Hepatitis B virus

Definition

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus that causes liver infection, potentially leading to chronic disease and liver cancer. It is primarily transmitted through contact with infectious body fluids.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. HBV can be transmitted through blood, semen, and other body fluids.
2. Chronic HBV infection increases the risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
3. Vaccination is an effective method for preventing HBV infection.
4. HBV has an incubation period of about 1 to 4 months after exposure.
5. The virus can survive outside the body for at least 7 days and still cause infection.

Review Questions

• What are the primary modes of transmission for HBV?
• How does chronic HBV infection affect the liver?
• What is one preventive measure against HBV?

Related terms

Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A type of liver cancer often associated with chronic hepatitis B infection.

Cirrhosis: Liver damage characterized by scarring and impaired function, often due to chronic hepatitis B.

Antigen: A molecule capable of inducing an immune response; in HBV context, HBsAg indicates active infection.