Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Definition

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a medical condition that occurs when donor immune cells attack the recipient's tissues after an organ or bone marrow transplant. It primarily affects the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. GVHD is classified into acute and chronic forms based on the timing and manifestation of symptoms.
2. Acute GVHD typically develops within the first 100 days post-transplant, while chronic GVHD occurs later.
3. Symptoms of acute GVHD include rashes, jaundice, and gastrointestinal issues like diarrhea.
4. Chronic GVHD can lead to long-term complications such as fibrosis and organ dysfunction.
5. Immunosuppressive therapies are commonly used to manage and prevent GVHD.

Review Questions

Related terms

Alloreactivity: Immune response against antigens from genetically different individuals of the same species.

Immunosuppression:

Reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system.

Bone Marrow Transplantation:

Procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells.