Equivalence zone

Definition

Equivalence zone is the region in an immunoprecipitation reaction where the concentration of antigen and antibody are optimal, leading to maximal formation of immune complexes. This zone is crucial for accurate laboratory analysis and detection of antigen-antibody interactions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The equivalence zone is characterized by a visible precipitate forming in immunodiffusion assays.
2. Outside the equivalence zone, either excess antigen or antibody can lead to incomplete or no precipitation.
3. Determining the equivalence zone is critical for quantitative immunoassays like radial immunodiffusion and Ouchterlony double diffusion.
4. The precipitation curve typically shows a peak at the equivalence point, indicating maximum immune complex formation.
5. In clinical diagnostics, reaching the equivalence zone ensures accurate detection of pathogens or antibodies.

Review Questions

Related terms

Immunoprecipitation: A technique used to detect and quantify antigens or antibodies by forming insoluble complexes.

Radial Immunodiffusion: A method used to measure concentrations of antigens by their diffusion through a gel containing antibodies.

Ouchterlony Double Diffusion: An assay that allows visualization of antigen-antibody interactions by diffusing both components towards each other on an agar plate.