🦠microbiology review

Disease

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

A disease is a condition that impairs normal tissue function, often caused by pathogenic microbes such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. It can result in clinical symptoms and signs of illness.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Pathogenicity refers to the ability of a microbe to cause disease in a host organism.
  2. Virulence factors are molecules produced by pathogens that contribute to the pathogenicity and promote infection.
  3. The incubation period is the time between exposure to a pathogen and the appearance of symptoms.
  4. Diseases can be transmitted through various routes including direct contact, inhalation, ingestion, or vector-borne methods.
  5. An infectious dose is the number of microbial cells required to start an infection in a host.

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