Diphtheria

Definition

Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, affecting the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. It produces a toxin leading to severe respiratory issues and can be fatal if untreated.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Diphtheria is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
2. The hallmark symptom includes a thick, gray coating on the throat and tonsils.
3. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a Gram-positive bacterium.
4. The diphtheria toxin inhibits protein synthesis in host cells, leading to cell death.
5. Vaccination with the DTaP vaccine provides immunity against diphtheria.

Review Questions

• What bacterium causes diphtheria and how does it affect the body?
• Describe the primary mode of transmission for diphtheria.
• What is the role of vaccination in preventing diphtheria?

Related terms

Corynebacterium_diphtheriae: The Gram-positive bacterium responsible for causing diphtheria.

DTaP_vaccine: A vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.

Exotoxin: A toxin released by bacteria, such as the one produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, that can cause damage to host cells.