Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, affecting the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. It produces a toxin leading to severe respiratory issues and can be fatal if untreated.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Diphtheria is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
The hallmark symptom includes a thick, gray coating on the throat and tonsils.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a Gram-positive bacterium.
The diphtheria toxin inhibits protein synthesis in host cells, leading to cell death.
Vaccination with the DTaP vaccine provides immunity against diphtheria.
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Related terms
Corynebacterium_diphtheriae: The Gram-positive bacterium responsible for causing diphtheria.
DTaP_vaccine: A vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.
Exotoxin: A toxin released by bacteria, such as the one produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, that can cause damage to host cells.