Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

Definition

The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance states that genes are located on chromosomes, and the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis explains inheritance patterns. This theory integrates Mendelian genetics with the behavior of chromosomes to elucidate how traits are transmitted from one generation to the next.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The theory was proposed by Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri in the early 20th century.
2. Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment during meiosis, which aligns with Mendel's laws.
3. Linked genes on the same chromosome do not assort independently but can be separated by crossing over.
4. Chromosomal abnormalities can result in genetic disorders or changes in phenotype due to alterations in gene dosage.
5. The discovery of chromosomal inheritance paved the way for modern genetics and genome mapping.

Review Questions

• What key process during meiosis supports the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?
• Who were the scientists that proposed this theory?
• How do linked genes behave differently from genes located on separate chromosomes?

Related terms

Meiosis:

A type of cell division that reduces chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells.

Mendelian Genetics: The study of inheritance patterns based on Gregor Mendel's principles.

Crossing Over: The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, leading to genetic variation.