Acute phase

Definition

The acute phase is the immediate response of the immune system to infection or injury, characterized by the rapid production of proteins and activation of immune cells. It aims to contain and eliminate pathogens while signaling further immune responses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are rapidly produced by the liver.
2. The acute phase response is often associated with inflammation and systemic symptoms like fever.
3. Cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha play a crucial role in mediating the acute phase response.
4. Agglutination assays can be used to detect elevated levels of acute phase proteins in clinical samples.
5. The acute phase response helps in pathogen recognition, phagocytosis, and activation of the complement system.

Review Questions

• Which cytokines are primarily involved in mediating the acute phase response?
• Name two key acute phase proteins produced by the liver during an infection.
• How do agglutination assays help in identifying an acute phase response?

Related terms

C-Reactive Protein (CRP): A protein produced by the liver that increases during inflammatory processes.

Cytokine: Small signaling molecules released by cells that have a specific effect on interactions between cells.

Agglutination Assay: A laboratory method used to detect the presence of antibodies or antigens through clumping reactions.