Intro to Probabilistic Methods
Ergodicity is a property of a dynamical system that ensures the time averages of a system's state converge to ensemble averages over a long period. In practical terms, it implies that, given enough time, the behavior of a single system will reflect the statistical properties of an entire ensemble of similar systems. This concept is crucial in understanding how Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods work, as it assures that the samples generated from the Markov process are representative of the target distribution over time.
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