Fluoxetine

Definition

Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used as an antidepressant to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. By increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, fluoxetine helps improve mood and emotional well-being, making it a key player among antidepressants and mood stabilizers.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fluoxetine was the first SSRI approved by the FDA in 1987 and has been widely prescribed ever since.
2. Common brand names for fluoxetine include Prozac and Sarafem, with variations in formulations for different conditions.
3. It typically takes several weeks for fluoxetine to reach its full therapeutic effect, making patience important for patients starting the medication.
4. Fluoxetine is known to have fewer side effects compared to older classes of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants.
5. It can be taken once daily due to its long half-life, which makes it easier for patients to adhere to their treatment regimen.

Review Questions

• How does fluoxetine function as an antidepressant and what role does serotonin play in this process?
  • Fluoxetine works by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin in the brain, which increases serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft. This increase enhances neurotransmission associated with mood regulation, ultimately helping alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety. By improving serotonin availability, fluoxetine helps stabilize mood and reduce feelings of sadness or anxiety.
• What are some potential side effects of fluoxetine that patients should be aware of when starting this medication?
  • Patients taking fluoxetine may experience side effects such as nausea, insomnia, headache, sexual dysfunction, and increased anxiety during the initial weeks of treatment. While many side effects can diminish over time as the body adjusts, it's important for patients to communicate any persistent or severe symptoms to their healthcare provider. Understanding these potential side effects can help manage expectations during treatment.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of fluoxetine compared to other antidepressants and discuss any considerations a doctor might take into account when prescribing it.
  • Fluoxetine is often considered effective for treating major depressive disorder and anxiety due to its favorable side effect profile compared to older antidepressants. When prescribing fluoxetine, doctors consider factors like the patient's specific symptoms, previous treatment responses, potential drug interactions, and co-existing health conditions. The choice of fluoxetine may also depend on patient preference for dosing frequency and tolerability based on their lifestyle.

Related terms

Serotonin: A neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in regulating mood, anxiety, and happiness.

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): A class of medications that increase serotonin levels in the brain by inhibiting its reabsorption in the presynaptic neuron.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): A form of psychotherapy that focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors, often used alongside medication for treating depression and anxiety.