Voltaic cells

Definition

Voltaic cells, also known as galvanic cells, are electrochemical cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy through spontaneous redox reactions. They consist of two different metals connected by a salt bridge or porous membrane.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In voltaic cells, oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction occurs at the cathode.
2. The anode is negatively charged while the cathode is positively charged in a voltaic cell.
3. Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit.
4. A salt bridge maintains electrical neutrality by allowing ions to flow between the two half-cells.
5. The standard electrode potential (E°) for a voltaic cell can be calculated using $E^{\circ}_{cell} = E^{\circ}_{cathode} - E^{\circ}_{anode}$.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of a salt bridge in a voltaic cell?
• Which direction do electrons flow in a voltaic cell?
• How do you calculate the standard electrode potential (E°) of a voltaic cell?

Related terms

Anode: The electrode where oxidation occurs; it is negatively charged in a voltaic cell.

Cathode: The electrode where reduction occurs; it is positively charged in a voltaic cell.

$E^{\circ}_{cell}$: The standard electrode potential of a cell calculated as $E^{\circ}_{cathode} - E^{\circ}_{anode}$.