Superoxides

Definition

Superoxides are compounds that contain the superoxide anion $O_2^-$. They are typically formed by alkali metals and some other metals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The superoxide anion $O_2^-$ has an extra electron compared to the dioxygen molecule $O_2$.
2. Potassium, rubidium, and cesium form stable superoxides due to their large atomic radii.
3. Superoxides are strong oxidizing agents and can react violently with water or acids.
4. In a superoxide, the oxidation state of oxygen is -1/2.
5. Superoxides play a role in biological systems as reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause oxidative stress.

Review Questions

• What is the chemical formula for a superoxide anion?
• Which alkali metals are known to form stable superoxides?
• How does the oxidation state of oxygen in superoxides compare to that in peroxides?

Related terms

Peroxide: Compounds containing an oxygen-oxygen single bond with the peroxide ion $O_2^{2-}$.

Oxidizing Agent: A substance that gains electrons in a chemical reaction and causes another substance to be oxidized.

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): Chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen, such as peroxides and superoxides, which can lead to cell damage.