Inner transition metals

Definition

Inner transition metals are elements found in the f-block of the periodic table, comprising the lanthanides and actinides. They are characterized by having electrons fill their f-orbitals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Inner transition metals include two series: the lanthanides (atomic numbers 57-71) and the actinides (atomic numbers 89-103).
2. These elements typically exhibit multiple oxidation states, often +3.
3. Many inner transition metals are known for their magnetic properties and high atomic radii.
4. Actinides are mostly radioactive, with uranium and thorium being well-known examples.
5. Lanthanides are often used in manufacturing strong permanent magnets and phosphors in lighting.

Review Questions

• What are the two series of elements that make up the inner transition metals?
• Why do inner transition metals often have multiple oxidation states?
• Name one practical application of a lanthanide element.

Related terms

Lanthanides: A series of fifteen metallic elements from cerium (Ce) to lutetium (Lu) in the periodic table, characterized by filling of the 4f orbitals.

Actinides: A series of fifteen metallic elements from thorium (Th) to lawrencium (Lr), known for their radioactive properties and filling of the 5f orbitals.

Oxidation State: The degree of oxidation of an atom within a compound, representing its loss or gain of electrons relative to its elemental state.