Frieze

Definition

A frieze is a decorative horizontal band that typically runs along the upper part of a wall, often featuring relief sculptures or painted designs. In the context of ancient Greek architecture, friezes are commonly found on temples and are integral to the overall aesthetic and symbolic meaning of the structure. They often depict historical, mythological, or ceremonial scenes, serving both decorative and narrative purposes within the architectural composition.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Friezes were essential in ancient Greek temples, providing a visual narrative that enhanced the story and purpose of the building.
2. In the Doric order, friezes typically alternate between metopes and triglyphs, while in Ionic and Corinthian orders, they often have continuous designs without this alternation.
3. The Parthenon features one of the most famous friezes in history, depicting the Panathenaic procession, which highlights cultural and religious events in Athens.
4. Friezes can be found not only on temples but also on other structures like public buildings and monuments, showcasing their versatility in architecture.
5. While ancient Greek friezes primarily used marble reliefs, later architectural styles adopted painted friezes to add color and detail to interior spaces.

Review Questions

• How do friezes contribute to the overall aesthetic and narrative function of Greek temples?
  • Friezes significantly enhance both the visual appeal and storytelling aspects of Greek temples by featuring intricate carvings or paintings that depict historical or mythological events. These decorative bands not only serve as artistic expressions but also convey important cultural narratives that reflect societal values and beliefs. For instance, a temple's frieze might illustrate religious ceremonies or legendary battles, connecting worshippers with their heritage while beautifying the structure.
• Compare and contrast the use of friezes in the Doric order versus the Ionic and Corinthian orders.
  • In the Doric order, friezes are characterized by their alternation between triglyphs and metopes, creating a rhythmic pattern that emphasizes strength and simplicity. In contrast, Ionic and Corinthian orders feature continuous friezes without this distinct division, allowing for more elaborate designs and detailed reliefs that reflect elegance and sophistication. This variation illustrates how different architectural styles convey unique aesthetics and cultural messages through their treatment of friezes.
• Evaluate the impact of famous friezes like that of the Parthenon on modern perceptions of ancient Greek culture.
  • The frieze of the Parthenon has had a profound impact on modern perceptions of ancient Greek culture by exemplifying the skill and artistry of classical architects and sculptors. Its detailed portrayal of civic pride during the Panathenaic festival serves as a testament to the cultural values of democracy and communal identity in ancient Athens. This enduring legacy continues to influence contemporary art and architecture, shaping how we understand the significance of public spaces in fostering community connections through shared cultural narratives.

Related terms

Entablature:

The entablature is the horizontal structure supported by columns, consisting of three main sections: the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

Metope:

Metope refers to the plain or decorated panel between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze, often depicting relief sculptures.

Triglyph: A triglyph is a decorative element in a Doric frieze that consists of three vertical grooves, typically alternating with metopes.