The chorus

Definition

The chorus in Greek tragedy is a group of performers who comment on the dramatic action and express the collective voice of society, often reflecting the emotions and moral perspectives related to the unfolding events. They serve as narrators, provide background information, and engage with the characters, enhancing the themes of the play. The chorus can also influence the audience's interpretation of the story, guiding their emotional response and understanding.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The chorus typically consists of 12 to 15 members, who sing and dance as part of their performance, creating a dynamic visual and auditory experience.
2. Choral odes are often divided into strophes and antistrophes, with each section providing a different perspective or emotional tone related to the play's themes.
3. In 'Antigone', the chorus represents Theban elders, providing insights into societal norms and expectations, as well as commenting on moral dilemmas faced by characters.
4. The chorus can act as a mediator between the characters and the audience, helping to explain complex themes and guiding viewers' emotional responses throughout the tragedy.
5. Choral interludes often occur between scenes, allowing for reflection on the events that have transpired while foreshadowing future developments in the plot.

Review Questions

• How does the chorus enhance the themes and emotional depth of Greek tragedies like 'Antigone'?
  • The chorus enhances themes and emotional depth by reflecting societal values and moral dilemmas relevant to the characters' actions. In 'Antigone', for example, they comment on themes such as justice, duty, and family loyalty, which helps the audience understand the complexities of Antigone's decisions. Their collective voice serves to amplify emotions felt by both characters and spectators, creating a richer experience.
• Discuss how the structure of choral odes contributes to their effectiveness in conveying meaning within Greek tragedies.
  • The structure of choral odes, with distinct strophes and antistrophes, creates a dynamic rhythm that allows for varying emotional tones. This back-and-forth movement engages audiences by shifting perspectives and building tension. Additionally, this structured commentary provides critical insights into characters' motivations and foreshadows future events, making them pivotal in understanding both plot developments and overarching themes.
• Evaluate the role of the chorus in shaping audience perceptions of characters’ hamartia in Greek tragedies.
  • The chorus plays a crucial role in shaping audience perceptions of characters’ hamartia by explicitly pointing out flaws and errors in judgment through their commentary. By analyzing characters' choices and their consequences, they guide viewers towards an understanding of moral lessons embedded in the narrative. This analysis not only enhances character development but also prompts audiences to reflect on human nature and ethical dilemmas within their own lives.

Related terms

strophe: The first part of a choral ode, where the chorus moves from one side of the stage to the other, often providing commentary or reflection on the events.

antistrophe: The second part of a choral ode, responding to the strophe, where the chorus moves back to its original position while continuing to comment on the action.

hamartia: A tragic flaw or error in judgment that leads to the downfall of the tragic hero, often highlighted by the chorus as they reflect on the consequences of actions.