Graph Theory
Backtracking algorithms are systematic methods for solving problems by exploring all potential solutions and abandoning paths that are not viable. This approach is particularly useful in problems involving combinatorial search, such as graph isomorphism and automorphism, where the goal is to determine if two graphs are structurally the same or to find symmetries within a graph. By incrementally building candidates and abandoning them if they fail to satisfy the problem's constraints, backtracking can efficiently navigate large solution spaces.
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