Geoffrey Chaucer

Definition

Geoffrey Chaucer was an English poet and author from the late 14th century, best known for his work 'The Canterbury Tales.' He is often referred to as the father of English literature for his significant contributions to the development of vernacular language in literary forms, especially in the context of chivalry and knighthood, as well as how medieval culture is perceived today.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chaucer was born around 1343 and worked as a public servant, which provided him insights into society that he portrayed in his writings.
2. He wrote primarily in Middle English, helping to legitimize this vernacular language as a suitable medium for serious literary work.
3. Chaucer's 'The Canterbury Tales' features a frame narrative structure that allows multiple characters to tell their own stories, showcasing different aspects of medieval society.
4. His works often critique social norms and the Church, using humor and irony to highlight human follies and moral issues.
5. Chaucer's influence extended beyond his lifetime; his style and themes inspired many later writers, including Shakespeare and Spenser.

Review Questions

• How did Geoffrey Chaucer's use of vernacular language impact medieval literature?
  • Geoffrey Chaucer's decision to write in Middle English made literature more accessible to the common people, allowing a wider audience to engage with literary works. By using vernacular language instead of Latin or French, Chaucer legitimized English as a language for serious literature. This shift encouraged other writers to follow suit, ultimately leading to a rich tradition of English literature that reflected the experiences and values of its people.
• In what ways does 'The Canterbury Tales' reflect the ideals of chivalry and knighthood prevalent in Chaucer's time?
  • 'The Canterbury Tales' contains characters from various social classes, including knights who embody the ideals of chivalry, such as honor and valor. Chaucer portrays these knights with both admiration and critique, highlighting their noble qualities while also exposing their flaws. Through storytelling, he explores themes related to the chivalric code, such as loyalty and love, allowing readers to see both the romanticized and realistic aspects of knighthood in medieval society.
• Evaluate how Geoffrey Chaucer has shaped modern perceptions of the Middle Ages through his literary works.
  • Geoffrey Chaucer's writings have significantly influenced modern perceptions of the Middle Ages by providing insight into the complexities of medieval society. His use of humor and keen observation allowed him to portray human experiences that resonate even today. By highlighting social issues, class distinctions, and religious practices through relatable characters in 'The Canterbury Tales,' Chaucer helped create a multifaceted view of the Middle Ages that combines both its grandeur and its struggles. This nuanced portrayal continues to shape how we understand this historical period.

Related terms

The Canterbury Tales: A collection of stories written by Chaucer in the late 14th century, featuring a diverse group of characters who share their tales while on a pilgrimage to Canterbury.

Vernacular Literature: Literature written in the everyday language of the people, rather than in Latin or French, which helped to make literature more accessible to a broader audience.

Chivalric Code:

A moral and social code associated with medieval knighthood that emphasized virtues such as bravery, honor, and respect for women, often reflected in literature of the time.