Cylindrical symmetry refers to a situation where a physical system is invariant under rotations around a central axis. This means that properties of the system, such as electric field or potential, do not change when viewed from different angles around that axis. This symmetry simplifies the analysis of problems in electromagnetism, particularly in calculating fields and potentials from charge distributions that share this symmetry, making it easier to apply Gauss's law and understand electric fields resulting from point charges and continuous distributions.
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