Coal

Definition

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock primarily composed of carbon, along with various other elements, that is used as a major source of energy and fuel. Its extraction and use have significantly shaped global economies and energy production, impacting the distribution of resources and the environment across the world.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Coal is one of the most abundant fossil fuels, with significant reserves located in countries like China, the United States, India, and Australia.
2. There are different types of coal, including anthracite, bituminous, sub-bituminous, and lignite, each varying in carbon content and energy output.
3. The mining of coal has led to various environmental impacts, including habitat destruction, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions.
4. Coal has historically played a vital role in powering industrial revolutions and remains a significant energy source for electricity generation worldwide.
5. Global efforts to transition to renewable energy sources are impacting coal production and usage, as countries aim to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Review Questions

• How does coal extraction affect local environments and communities?
  • Coal extraction can have severe effects on local environments and communities through habitat destruction, pollution of air and water sources, and health risks for nearby residents. Mining operations often disrupt ecosystems and degrade landscapes. Additionally, communities may face challenges related to economic dependency on coal mining jobs while dealing with the environmental consequences of such activities.
• Evaluate the role of coal in the global economy and its impact on energy production.
  • Coal has historically been a cornerstone of the global economy due to its role in energy production and industrial processes. It provides a substantial portion of electricity worldwide and is used in steel manufacturing. However, as countries prioritize reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to cleaner energy sources, the future demand for coal is being reassessed. This shift affects not only economies reliant on coal production but also international energy markets.
• Assess the implications of declining coal use on both economic structures and environmental policies in leading coal-producing countries.
  • Declining coal use poses significant implications for economic structures in leading coal-producing countries as they transition towards renewable energy sources. This shift can lead to job losses in traditional sectors while creating new opportunities in clean energy industries. Environmentally, it encourages stricter policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainability. However, this transition must balance economic stability with environmental stewardship to ensure equitable outcomes for affected communities.

Related terms

Fossil Fuels: Natural substances formed from decomposed plants and animals over millions of years, including coal, oil, and natural gas, used primarily for energy.

Mining:

The process of extracting valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, crucial for obtaining coal.

Carbon Emissions: Greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere as a result of burning fossil fuels like coal, contributing to climate change.