Early Modern Europe – 1450 to 1750
The term 'lord protector' refers to the title given to the head of state in England during the period of the Commonwealth, particularly under Oliver Cromwell from 1653 to 1658. This position emerged following the English Civil War when the monarchy was abolished, and it represented a shift towards a republican form of governance, where the lord protector wielded significant executive power while the Parliament existed.
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