Plasmodesmata

Definition

Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels that traverse the cell walls of plant cells, enabling transport and communication between them. They facilitate the movement of ions, molecules, and sometimes organelles.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Plasmodesmata allow direct cytoplasmic exchange between adjacent plant cells.
2. They play a crucial role in plant growth and development by enabling the distribution of nutrients and signaling molecules.
3. Each plasmodesma is lined with a plasma membrane continuous with that of the adjoining cells.
4. The size exclusion limit (SEL) of plasmodesmata can change to regulate what substances pass through.
5. Plasmodesmata can be modified or closed in response to environmental stress or pathogen invasion.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?
• How do plasmodesmata contribute to a plant's response to environmental stress?
• Describe how plasmodesmata differ from gap junctions found in animal cells.

Related terms

Cell Wall: A rigid layer outside the plasma membrane of plant cells that provides structural support and protection

Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance inside the cell membrane containing organelles and where most cellular activities occur

Gap Junctions: Specialized intercellular connections in animal tissues that facilitate direct communication between adjacent cells