Divergent evolution

Definition

Divergent evolution is the process by which two or more related species become increasingly different over time. This typically occurs when populations of a species adapt to different environments and accumulate distinct traits.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Divergent evolution results in speciation, where new species arise from a common ancestor.
2. Adaptive radiation is a form of divergent evolution where many new species evolve from a single ancestral species.
3. Homologous structures are evidence of divergent evolution, showing similar anatomy adapted for different purposes.
4. Environmental pressures such as habitat differences can drive divergent evolution.
5. Darwin's finches on the Galápagos Islands are a classic example of divergent evolution.

Review Questions

• What is the primary outcome of divergent evolution?
• How do homologous structures provide evidence for divergent evolution?
• Can you name an example that illustrates the concept of divergent evolution?

Related terms

Speciation: The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Adaptive Radiation: The rapid diversification of a single ancestral line into multiple species, each adapted to a unique environment.

Homologous Structures: Anatomical features in different species that originated from a common ancestor but may serve different functions.