Acids
Definition
Acids are substances that donate protons (H+) when dissolved in water. They have a pH less than 7 and can be strong or weak depending on their degree of ionization in water.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Acids increase the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.
- The strength of an acid is measured by its ability to dissociate in water, with strong acids completely dissociating.
- Common examples of acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and acetic acid (CH3COOH).
- Acid-base reactions often result in the formation of water and salts.
- The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating an acidic solution.
Review Questions
- What happens to the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) when an acid is added to water?
- How does the pH scale categorize acidic solutions?
- Give two examples of common acids and describe their uses.
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Related terms
Base: Substances that accept protons (H+) and have a pH greater than 7.
pH Scale: A logarithmic scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14.
Buffer: A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
