Expedited review refers to a faster process by which an Institutional Review Board (IRB) evaluates research studies that involve minimal risk to participants. This type of review allows researchers to receive approval more quickly for certain types of studies, typically those that are less invasive or pose little potential for harm. By streamlining the review process, expedited review helps facilitate timely research while still ensuring ethical oversight.
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Expedited review can be used for research studies involving educational practices, surveys, or non-invasive procedures.
Not all research qualifies for expedited review; it must meet specific criteria outlined by the federal regulations.
The decision to utilize expedited review is typically made by the IRB chairperson or a designated member, rather than the full board.
Researchers must provide a clear justification for why their study meets the criteria for expedited review when submitting their proposal.
Expedited reviews generally take less time than full board reviews, allowing researchers to move forward with their projects more quickly.
Review Questions
How does expedited review differ from the full IRB review process, and what types of studies are typically eligible for expedited review?
Expedited review differs from full IRB review in that it involves a quicker evaluation process specifically designed for studies that pose minimal risk to participants. Studies eligible for expedited review usually include non-invasive procedures, surveys, and research involving educational practices. The streamlined approach allows for a faster approval timeline while still ensuring ethical considerations are maintained, focusing on protecting participants' rights and welfare.
Discuss the importance of informed consent in research that undergoes expedited review and how it might differ from studies requiring full IRB review.
Informed consent remains critical in all research studies, including those undergoing expedited review. However, in expedited reviews, the consent process may be simplified if the risks are minimal and the study design allows it. Researchers must still ensure participants are adequately informed about the study's purpose, procedures, risks, and their right to withdraw at any time. This careful communication helps protect participants even when the overall risk level is low.
Evaluate the implications of using expedited review for research practices within academic institutions, particularly regarding ethical oversight and efficiency.
The use of expedited review in academic institutions offers a balance between ethical oversight and operational efficiency. It allows researchers to conduct important studies more quickly while still adhering to ethical guidelines designed to protect participants. However, there is an ongoing responsibility for IRBs to ensure that even expedited processes maintain high standards of ethical scrutiny. This dual focus can enhance research productivity without compromising participant safety or institutional integrity.
The process through which researchers provide potential participants with comprehensive information about a study, allowing them to make an informed decision about their participation.
A situation in which the likelihood and severity of harm or discomfort anticipated in research is not greater than those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during routine physical or psychological examinations.